Step 1: Get a baseline on a cable
Run the jitter test twice on WiFi where you normally use the device. Then run it twice on a cable plugged into the router, with other devices paused.
- Jitter drops a lot on the cable: the cause is WiFi. Go to step 2.
- Jitter is low on the cable with nothing running, but high when others are online: the cause is traffic on your connection. Go to step 3.
- Jitter stays high on a cable with nothing else running: the cause is likely beyond your home. Go to step 4.
Step 2: Fix WiFi jitter
- Use a cable for the device that needs steady performance: game console, gaming PC, work laptop.
- Get closer to the router or add a mesh point near where you sit. Weak signal causes retransmissions, which cause jitter.
- Use 5 GHz or 6 GHz instead of 2.4 GHz, which is more crowded and suffers more interference.
- Change channel if neighbors’ networks overlap with yours. Router apps can often show the busiest channels.
- Keep the router away from interference: microwaves, cordless phone bases, baby monitors and metal surfaces.
- Turn off Bluetooth on a laptop that isn’t using it; on some devices it shares the radio with 2.4 GHz WiFi.
Step 3: Fix jitter caused by other traffic
When other devices start and stop large transfers, queues in your router and modem grow and shrink, and delay jumps around. To smooth it out:
- Turn on smart queue management (SQM, fq_codel, CAKE or Adaptive QoS) and set it slightly below your measured speed.
- Schedule updates and backups for overnight.
- Check the bufferbloat test; if loaded ping is far above idle ping, SQM is the fix.
Step 4: Jitter from your provider’s network
If jitter is high on a cable with nothing else running, test at different times of day. If it is worse in the evening, the cause is likely congestion. If it is high all the time, there may be a line fault. Record your results and contact your provider; ask them to check line quality and signal levels.
App settings that help
Call apps adapt automatically, but you can help them by lowering video quality or turning video off when the connection is shaky. In games, check whether the network or netcode settings let you adjust buffering; a slightly larger buffer can smooth jitter at the cost of a little delay.