Compare against the right number
Most plans are sold with a maximum or “up to” speed. In the U.S., providers must also publish a broadband label for each plan that shows the typical download speed, upload speed and latency. The typical figures are what a fair test should be compared against.
In other countries, regulators publish their own guidance. In the UK, for example, Ofcom’s voluntary codes give customers rights when speeds fall below a minimum guaranteed level stated at sign-up.
How to run a fair broadband test
- Use a cable. Connect a computer to the router or modem with Ethernet. WiFi results tell you about your WiFi, not your broadband.
- Check the port and cable. On plans above about 100 Mbps, make sure the computer’s network port and the cable support gigabit (Cat 5e or better).
- Disconnect or pause other devices so they are not using the connection during the test.
- Run three tests and note the middle result.
- Repeat at different times over several days, including evenings.
Reading the result by connection type
| Connection | What is normal | What to watch |
|---|---|---|
| Fiber | Often close to plan speed; upload frequently equals download | Your device and WiFi are usually the limit. See the fiber speed test page. |
| Cable | High download, much lower upload | Evening slowdowns from shared neighborhood capacity; ping rising under load |
| DSL | Speed falls with distance from the exchange or cabinet | Line faults; consistent results well below the plan |
| Fixed wireless / 5G home | Varies with placement and cell load | Big swings between tests |
| Satellite | Low-orbit services have much lower ping than older geostationary services | Obstructions in view of the sky; weather |
If wired speeds are consistently low
Restart the modem and router, check for loose cables, and try a different device. If wired results stay well below your plan’s typical speed across several days, contact your provider with your log. Our guide to fixing slow internet covers the checks your provider will likely ask about, so you can tell them you have already done them.